KCSE Past Papers 2020 English Paper 3

C CLASS - The candidate communicates understandably but only more or less clearly.

Unnecessary repetitions are frequent. The arrangement is Weak and the flow jerky. There is no economy of language; mother tongue influence is felt.

B Class- This class is characterized by greater fluency and ease of expression.

There may be items of merit of the one word or one expression type. Many essays in this category may be just clean and unassuming but they still show that the candidate is at ease with the language. There may be a tendency to under mark such essays. Give credit for tone.

A Class - The candidate communicates not only fluently but attractively, with originality and efficiency. He/She has the ability to make us share his deep feelings.

TABLE OF CATEGORIES

MARK CATEGORY

CLASS

A

A+ 19 — 20

A— 16 — 17

A 18

B

B+ 14 — 15

B 13

B— ll — 12

C

C+ O9 — 10

C- 06 — 07

C O8

D

D+ 04 — 05

D O3

D- 00 — 02

MARKING SYMBOLS

l. The main signs indicate three degrees of seriousness of error. a

The following symbols may also be used.

//

R

ILL

V

WRONG WORD ORDER Underline once and write W.O. in margin WO

BR '

FOR PURPOSES OF IDENTIFICATION COW to indicate that a candidate has used a pencil to make a correction.

COW

BRACKETS [ ] indicate a part of a D script that communicates.

* Use an asterisk to indicate an item or a sentence that the rubrics indicate should be used.

Gross Errors

a). Almost any error of agreement

b). Serious tense error

c). Errors of elementary vocabulary: spelling and misuse of words

d). Punctuation errors or missing punctuation which causes serious lack of communication.

e). Elementary errors of sentence construction.

f). Ridiculous use of idiom that affects communication.

g). Misuse of common prepositions

h). Contracted forms (used outside dialogue)

i). Misuse of capital letters - Use CAPS. Underline the first page and use CAPS on subsequent pageswhere the mistake persists.

MARKING NORMAL SCRIPTS

a) Read first and decide on the degree of communication achieved, A— D

b) After underlining decide on the mark category

c) Allocate a numerical mark to the essay.

Problem Scripts

All problem scripts must be marked by the examiner and then sent to the Team Leader with comments.

1. Irrelevancy

a) Consistent distortion of question, evasion of question, Writing on a totally different subject with a clumsy attempt at connecting the essay to the subject given, inclusion of memorized passages, etc.

b) The question is given an unacceptable or questionable interpretation.

c) Essays contain long, semi-irrelevant digressions or lack coherence.

Action

The examiner marks the essay, gives a linguistic mark and comments on the nature of the irrelevancy. The essay is then passed over to the team leader who judges Whether the irrelevancy should be judged as a deliberate attempt to deceive or should be attributed to the candidate’s poor understanding of the subject. Deduct up to 4 marks for irrelevancy in the essay. If dishonesty is suspected, the Chief Examiner should be informed. Any deduction of 3 marks or more should be referred to the Chief Examiner.

2. Contravention of rubric

Since the rubrics may change from year to year, the POINTS OF INTEPRETATION that are part of this MARKING SCHEME must be consulted and adhered to faithfully. Here are some general rules that usually apply.

3. Scripts That do not communicate (Broken language)

a) Read and decide on the category D+, D or D-.

b) Mark the whole essay.

c) Team leaders should look at a good number of those scripts and ensure the mark given is fair.

4. Brevity

It should be remembered that the main quality of an essay is how effectively it communicates. If an essay looks too short, the examiner should take the time to count the exact number of words.

If an essay exceeds 450 words then deduct 2 marks (AD)

KENYAN ENGLISH

A good number of words and expressions are understood and currently used by all Kenyans. They can be used in essays Without any need for quotation marks or explanations. We can include among those:

panga, rungu, shamba, murram, matatu wananchi, ugali, madarasa, harambee, matoke maendeleoyawanawake, salaam, ayah, askari, bodaboda, vuvuzela debe, duka, N yayo, boma, sukumawiki, goat party. manyatta, magendo.

AMERICAN SPELLING

Although “English” spelling is more common than “American” spelling in Kenya, examiners should accept both spellings and no penalty should be given for such variations. Penalize for lack of consistency in usage of either.

Imaginative composition

Either

(a) The story must end with the given statement( if not deduct 2 AD from rubric)

That is when I realized that a genuine friend is one who walks in when the rest walk out on you.

The story must bring out a situation where someone is abandoned by all his or her friends but one. Or

(b) The composition must be based on the topic

It should be an expository writing explaining how we can conserve our forests.(10 points)

2. The Compulsory Set Text

Henrik Ibsen, A Doll’s House

Sometimes quitting a relationship may be the only option but it hurts loved ones. Using relevant illustration from HenrikIbsen’s A Doll’s House, write an essay in support of this statement.

Introduction

A relationship may sometimes undergo a lot of challenges. If a relationship does not work, it may force one ofthe partners to abandon it and seek other options. However, in the event that a partner walks out on another,it can hurt.

In Henrik Ibsen’s A Doll’s House, there are characters who quit their relationships; as a result, theymake their partners or others related to intro them experience emotional pain. ( Accept any other relevantintroduction)

Body

Nora, Helmer’s wife, decides to quit her marriage. She feels that she is unappreciated and unprotected.

She feels bitter that Helmer cannot defend her, although she is his wife. It is because of her love for Helmer that she took a loan from a bank to payfor Helmer’s treatment in Italy.

She says, “I have loved you above everything else in the world.” (P.103). Helmer is ratherunforgiving. He tells Nora that he “must sink to such miserable depths because of a thoughtless woman.” (P.104). EventuallyNora tells him that, “when I am out of the way, you will be free.” (P.104).

Even though Helmer forgives her (P.107), she does notchange her mind. She leaves behind three children who still need her care and a disturbed husband. 192-8, 90, 11-3, 17-23, 35-42, 43, 44, Details 45, 52-54, 56-62, 68, 72-77, 78-9, 80, 84, 91-6, 98 Mrs. Linde abandons her lover, Nils Krogstad and gets married to a rich businessman. She does this inorder to take care of her bedridden mother and her siblings.

She says, “My mother was alive then, and wasbedridden and helpless, and I had to provide for my two younger brothers, so I did not think I was justified in refusing his offer.” (P.14).

In walking out on her lover, Nils Krogstad, and getting married to arich man, surely, to Krogstad what could be more painful? Milo, 14-5,24 78, 85-90 Heimer on realizing that Nora had gone against Helmer by burrowing money & forgingher father’s signature, quits the relationship and declares that Nora is unfit to care for the children & also strips her of her wifely duties.

Nora is hurt by how ungrateful he is when she realises that she’sbeen living with a man who does not appreciate her contribution to the marriage. 22-8, 9-10 11-1317 23, 35-42, 43, 44, 52, 53-4 56-62, 68, 72-78 So 91-6, 98, 10-22

Ann, Nora’s nurse, also walks out on her relationship with her daughter’s It is revealed that she got a child out of wedlock and left her with the father. Nora wonders, “How could you have the heart toput your own child out among strangers?” (P.50).

Anne says that “that wicked man didn’t do a singlething for me.” (P.50). For this reason, she abandons her child at a very tender age in order to find agood place.” (P.50). 1949-51 Nora, abandons her three little children with the She says that she will only think of Helmer, the children and the house.

“I know I shall often think of you, the children, and this house.” (P.119). She adds that she does not want any communication between her and Helmer.

When Helmer asks herwhether he could write to her, she retorts, “No-never. You must not do that……………………… Nothing-nothing.” (P.119). Nothing could be more painful than cutting links with your own children never to return. 89417, 11, 30-2, 41-2/,46-8, 49-51, 73, 102-10), 13, 114, 115, 117-8, 119. -2, 14, 245, 2627, as 29, 3, 62-70, S3, ag 7

Conclusion

Separation of lovers often brings about feelings of bitterness, desperation and emotional pain. It may also directly or indirectly affect other family members. This is what we see in Henrik Ibsen’s A Doll’s House.

(Accept any other relevant conclusion)

3. The Optional Set Texts

Chris Wanjala (Ed), Memories We Lost and Other Stories

Introduction

Many children growing up in urban slums today undergo unimaginable crises which include:poorsanitation, overcrowding, violence, unwanted pregnancies, lack of education opportunities, poorinfrastructure among others.

In “Hitting Budapest” by NoViolet Bulawayo, the narrator, a young girl ofnine years takes us through the finer details of the myriad challenges that befall children in Paradiseslum.12 (Any other relevant introduction mark out of 2)

Body

(Food)The first challenge is lack of sufficient and quality food. The narrator tells us that she and her friends have to steal guavas to survive.

She indicates that they have eaten up all theguavas from Chipo’s uncle’s tree, and now they have moved to strangers’ guava trees in Budapest, a high cost urban residential She reveals that she would die for guavas or anything because “her stomach feels like somebody just took a shovel and dug everything out.”

This is an indication of severe hunger.

In further details, she says that they have never seenanyone throw away food – this is a comment on Mello who throws away what is left from the thing she is eating. Sadly, the narrator says, “the woman’s twisted mouth finishes chewing.

I swallow with her.” (P.100).

When the narrator and her friends arrive home, she says that they will drinkwater for the night, “listen to the mother of Bones tell us a story and go to sleep.” (P.104). 97,98 100, 101, 102, 103,104

(Clothing)Children in slums do not have proper In most cases, their clothes are torn and they are partially naked. For instance, the narrator describes how Basta hit one of theyounger children who is naked to stop him from following the group to Budapest. “Godknows’pair of shorts are torn at the back and his pitch-black back peeping like strange eyes throughthe dirty white fabric.” Even Basta’s black tracksuit is dirty because he never takes it off.

Hisorange shirt is also faded. 97 to 102 103

(Squalor)The children described in the story live in squalid The sanitationdescribed is pathetic. The narrator affirms this by contrasting Paradise slum with Budapest. Shesays that Budapest is strangely quiet with no burning of things, no smell of something rotting.

The air is plain and clean.

When she sees the feet of Mello, the white woman, she is surprisedat how clean and pretty they are. She adds, “I don’t remember my own feet ever looking likethat, maybe when I was born.” (P.100).

She also indicates that if she were living in Budapest she would “wash her whole body every day and comb her hair nicely to show she was a real person living in a real place.” 98, 101, 102 (School)Lack of schooling is a common phenomenon in Paradise.

The narrator indicates thatchildren do not go to school in Paradise Even though Chipo says that her teacher, Mr.Gono said they need education to make money, this is not practicable since they are not goingto school. The narrator says that she would go to live in America with her aunt. In this case,education may not be her priority. 97, 103, 104-5 Unwanted pregnancies are common experiences in slum For example, Chipo, whois only 10 years old, is expectant.

It is claimed that her grandfather is responsible for hersituation. The grandfather is later arrested and detained, but Chipo must just bear the burdenof carrying the pregnancy for nine months.

From the details in the story, Chipo seems resignedto her fate. When asked by Basta when she would have her baby, she resignedly answers, “I’ll have it one day.” (P.97). 88, 97 Poor parenting contributes to the challenges in urban The narrator says that gettingout of Paradise is not so hard since their mothers are busy with hair and talk. She says, “They justglance at us when we file past and then look away.”

(P.97). They do not care about thewhereabouts of their children, what they cat and do. Similarly, fathers are busy the whole dayplaying draughts under jacaranda tree. The narrator says, “their eyes never lift from draughts” (P.100).

She adds that nobody smiles at them in Paradise.

There is a lot of violence in slums as depicted in the story.

The narrator points out that Bastawho is the oldest among them, 11 years is known for beating them Basta enjoys bullyingeverybody.

For instance, when Sbho tells his friends that he will one day own a particular big blue house in Budapest, Basta, the bully,throws a ripe guava at Sbho’s dream house.

The guava explodes on the wall and stains it.

He throws another guava but it misses the wall but hits the gate. Basta thrives in bullying andviolence. (14)

Conclusion

Children who grow up in urban slums go through a lot of dehumanizing experiences which if not well checked will create a vicious circle of the same conditions or worse.

(Accept ant other relevant conclusion ) (Expect any 4 well explained points)

Mark: 3:3 3:3 = 12

David Mulwa,

Inheritance (17-29, 31, 34-6, 41, 43-44, 47-48, 56-57, 60-62, 65, 70-74 79, 89,90-99 , 101, lo4-6

Introduction

A good leader inspires his or her subjects to success not failure. On the other hand, ineffective leadersbring disillusionment and do not inspire confidence among their people. In the world today, scandals havetainted reputation of many people, and leaders worthy of trust are more in demand than ever.

DavidMulwa’s Inheritance depicts an example of an ineffective leadership meted out on the people whoeventually lose respect for their leader.

Body

Judah Zen Melo’s thatched hut speaks of abject poverty. That hut has hanging sacks as its In this state, there is no privacy given that Lulu, Judah’s daughter, is a grown up.

At thecentre, an old table and old wooden folding chairs make the furniture in the hut. Judah, whowas once a member of Lacuna Kasoo’s ruling party fell out with the powers that be. Judah’sproblems began when he declined to kill Bengo, his brother.

As a result, Judah is asked to vacate government house and he ceases to be a party member. At the beginning of the play,Judah is out somewhere wandering from one town to another in search of elusive jobs with hordes of young people. Judah is jobless and he has to make ends meet.

Tamina, Judah’s wife, informs Bengo about the scarcity of Water is hard to come by. The main water catchment area is destroyed and all the streams from the mountain are diverted to a dam at the foot of the mountain denying the locals their only source of water.Tamina laments that people have to walk 15 kilometres to get water – in fact, they walk fromsunrise to mid-day.

This is an example of poor planning blamed on ineffective leadership. It is interesting to note that the water crisis is as a result of a conspiracy between the local member of parliament and the national government.

Lacuna Kasoo’s government does not tolerate any politics of For instance, whenBengo becomes the voice of the oppressed, Kasoo persuades Judah to eliminate him. He saysthat Bengo is a thorn in his flesh.

When Judah refuses to accomplish the ill mission, he is fired from the party, beaten badly and his mangled body is dumped at the government housedoorstep. (P.23). Lacuna Kasoo rules his country with an iron His reign blossoms on dictatorship,intimidation and greed. Tamina says that people labour and sweat pours into LacunaKasoo’s porous pockets and the rest to his bank accounts abroad. (P.24).

When Judah falls out with Lacuna Kasoo, he is immediately deprived of all governmentprivileges and even his own Judah once a respected party official, becomes apauper overnight. Tamina, Judah’s wife blames the government for their current predicament.She asks:

“where are the cars I used to drive? The government house I used to live in? Mycoffee farm in Bukelenge Mountains? All gone. Now I must pick coffee for Chipande on thefarm that he had me sell to him for peanuts.”

The government imposes fees without Lulu tells her mother to pay one thousand forgames, two thousand for a second perimeter fence, and another one thousand for paper and ink for officials who will mark their exams.

These levies are not intended for the said projects but for the pockets of Lacuna Kasoo.

Conclusion

Ineffective leadership breeds corruption, abuse and misuse of authority, arrests, detention among others.It also fails to ignite public confidence. In many African countries poor political leadership is the maincause of underdevelopment. This is what we witness in David Mulwa’s Inheritance

John Steinbeck,

The Pearl( 20-24, 26-29, 33-38, 77-80, 83-92, 95-1-2,105, 107-108, 110-118)

Introduction

A great family springs from mutual respect, a healthy dose of understanding, teamwork and love.However, sometimes these important pillars of a family are difficult to attain. In John Steinbeck’s, ThePearl, Kino and Juana invest on love and teamwork as they confront their challenges.

(Accept any other relevant introduction, mark out of 2) Body

(Scorpion)The first demonstration of teamwork is when Coyotito, their only son is stung by a scorpion. Coyolito is in imminent danger of dying if no medication is administered The couple, Kino and Juana, decide to take the baby to the doctor.

The doctor refuses to attend to Coyotito and declines Kino’s payment of eight small mis-shapen seed pearls.

It is said that to avoid shame and embarrassment, the neighbours melted away and beggars went back to thechurch steps leaving only Kino and Juana standing in front of the gate.

“Kino stood in front of the gate with Juana beside him.” (P.29). 20-2426-24 32-33, 34-35 (pearl fishing)Having been disappointed by the doctor who refuses to treat their son, Kino and Juana decide to try their luck at the sea.

Juana asks for God’s intervention to enable themget a pearl with value with which to hire a doctor.

At the sea, Kino is not alone. His wife Juana is beside him. Both of them get hold of the canoe and slides it down the beach to the water.

Later, Kino pushed the stem (back) and waded beside it until it floated. It is indicated that the moment the bow (front) of the canoe floated, Juana was the first to climb Both of thempaddled the canoe in coordination, into the sea.

What an amazing demonstration of love andteamwork! 32, 33, 3 5, 36-30 (second attack)When Kino is attacked for the second time, Juana was inside the house with the baby. Juana later, upon hearing a little rush, grunting struggle and blow, she only frozewith terror for a She decides to lend support to the husband against the intruder. She puts Coyotito down on the ground andseizes a stone from the fireplace and rushes outside but it is rather late. She finds Kino lying onthe ground, unconscious with fresh blood oozing from a long deep cut.

She helps him to his feetand wipes the blood from Kino’s would with her skirt.

She even brings him a płuque (alcoholic drink). Once again the Kinos have demonstrated love and teamwork. 75-80

Kino kills his third attacker and feels that it is in self-defense. However, Juana feels thatthey are not safe and suggests that they must escape as fast as She does not leaveKino to flee alone.

She is determined to remain by his side. She says. “You have killed a man.We must go away. They will come for us… We must be gone before the daylight comes.”(P.86).

Both Kino and Juana leave for the cities in the north after spending a night at JuanTomas; Kino’s brother. It is said that Kino and Juana gathered their clothing tighter about themand covered their noses and went out into the world. It is also indicated that, “the two walked carefully and they avoided the centre of the town …” (P.95). (Add any other relevant point.) – 83-84, 85-86, 87-8, 89, 90, 92)

(The trackers)While on the flight to the north, as they are escaping for killing a man, they’re confronted by a threat (The trackers). In an attempt to tackle the trackers, Kino suggests thathe goes alone so as to move Juana refuses to seperate from Kino to ensure the safety 2the family.(92, 107, 108, 110-11, 113-115.)

(The Return) When Coyotito is killed, Kino & Juana decided to go back to La The remainunited and walk side by side in solidarity past the village to to sea.

He tells Juana to throw the pearl back to the sea but Juana tells him to throw it himself.

A moment of realization by Kino that Juana was all along right about the pearl. 19 113-118 C

Conclusion

Teamwork as demonstrated by Kino and Juana is source of strength, it builds love, loyalty andsatisfaction. When family members work together, they help balance strengths and weaknesses.

This is what is depicted by John Steinbeck in his novel, The Pearl.

(Accept any other valid conclusion)